Evolutionary direction of processed pseudogenes
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Pitfalls of processed pseudogenes in RT-PCR.
Pseudogenes are genes with high sequence homology to functional genes that have been rendered obsolete by mutations, preventing their expression. Several genes, such as αand β-globin, have been shown to have duplicated sequences representing nonfunctional genes or pseudogenes. The presence of pseudogenes is common; not every DNA duplication produces a functional gene. Cyclophilin (CyP), an 18-k...
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Cancer evolves by mutation, with somatic reactivation of retrotransposons being one such mutational process. Germline retrotransposition can cause processed pseudogenes, but whether this occurs somatically has not been evaluated. Here we screen sequencing data from 660 cancer samples for somatically acquired pseudogenes. We find 42 events in 17 samples, especially non-small cell lung cancer (5/...
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Pseudogenes are dead copies of genes. Owing to the absence of functional constraint, all nucleotide substitutions that occur in these sequences are selectively neutral, and thus represent the spontaneous pattern of substitution within a genome. Here, we analysed the patterns of nucleotide substitutions in Vitis vinifera processed pseudogenes. In total, 259 processed pseudogenes were used to com...
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Processed pseudogenes result from reverse transcribed mRNAs. In general, because processed pseudogenes lack promoters, they are no longer functional from the moment they are inserted into the genome. Subsequently, they freely accumulate substitutions, insertions and deletions. Moreover, the ancestral structure of processed pseudogenes could be easily inferred using the sequence of their functio...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science China Life Sciences
سال: 2016
ISSN: 1674-7305,1869-1889
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5074-x